5. The earliest reports of Foreign intervention included the landing of German A.A. guns from warships. By the end of the first month of the war it was known that German A.A. guns and crews were operating. Thereafter trained batteries of German A.A. artillery were located and reports soon began to be received of Italian, Russian and French A.A. activities and equipment. The Insurgents also landed some British (Vickers) A.A. guns from ships. 6. Although numerous reports of A.A. action have been received, none has contained reliable data on which to base a statistical estimate of the efficiency of these weapons in war, or of the total numbers of weapons in use.